10. Inertia
Inertia, as defined in Newton's First Law, is a concept that states that an object will continue in its current path at a constant velocity, or remain at rest, unless acted on by an outside force. This means that without someone kicking it, a rock will always remain on a sidewalk. When someone kicks it, the rock will continue in the same direction at the same speed until something slows it down, speeds it up, or changes its path.
9. Friction
Friction is a force that occurs when two objects interact. When our rock rolls along the ground, it is constantly interacting with the ground, which induces a a push in the direction opposite of the rock's direction of travel. This push is known as friction.
8. Conservation of energy
The conservation of energy in the physical world means that energy cannot ever be created or destroyed, only have its form changed. When our rock rubs up against the ground, it experiences friction. This friction causes the rock to lose some of its initial energy, and give it to the ground. Some of the energy, does not go into the ground, and it is given off as light and heat. This might not noticeably warm the rock or the ground. It might not give off any visible light either. However, it is there.
7. Potential energy
Potential energy is an object's energy respective to its surroundings. If the rock were on the edge of a cliff, it would have a high potential energy, as it could fall off the cliff and create kinetic energy. f it fell off this cliff, after 10 meters it would have less potential energy, as it would not be as high up. If it had a mass of 50 grams and a height of 100 meters, it would have a potential energy of 49 000 joules at the top because potential energy equals mass times the acceleration of the object times the object's distance from the ground.
6. Kinetic energy
Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. An object's kinetic motion can be determined by squaring its velocity, multiplying that by its mass, then dividing that number by 2. I an object isn't moving, its kinetic energy is zero. If the rock was dropped off the cliff, it would have a kinetic energy of 24 500 joules after 50 meters. This is because the potential energy plus the kinetic energy of an object always equals the initial total energy of the object, as long as it has not stopped.
5. Gravity
Gravity is a very weak force, being many times weaker than the next weakest fundamental interaction, the weak nuclear force. However, it is the only one of the four that has an impact on our everyday lives. Gravity keeps us secured to the Earth because the Earth is very large compared to us, and we are close to its center. The equation for gravitation is g equals the product of the two masses of the two interacting objects times the universal gravitational constant, or G, divided by the square of the radius between the two objects. The g for Earth is approximately 9.8 meters per second squared.
4. Longitudinal waves
Longitudinal waves are waves that travel in a certain direction, or appear to do so. The frequency of the waves going one way is different from the frequency of the waves going the other way. This seems to us as if the waves travel in one direction or the other.
3. Standing waves
Standing waves are waves that do not appear to travel, but simply oscillate. This happens because the waves going one way have the same frequency as the waves going the other way, but in the opposite direction. Thus, they appear to go up and down in place, instead of traveling as longitudinal waves do.
2. Bernoulli's principle
Bernoulli's principle states that as a fluid's pressure increases, its velocity decreases, and vice versa. This can be observed in a soda bottle. If the bottle is under pressure because it has been shaken, it will travel very fast if it blows the cap off, then will slow down as its pressure is relieved.
1. Coanda effect
The Coanda effect states that fluids that travel over a curved surface will tend to conform to the curve of the surface. This helps airplanes generate lift. The air goes over the curved surface, increasing its velocity in order to get close, but not to the same point as, the air that goes under the wing. The increase in velocity of the air that goes over the wing causes its pressure to drop due to the Bernoulli principle. The pressure difference between the bottom and top of the wing pushes the wing up, giving the plane lift.
Jared, I thought that your blog was thoughtful and incorporated some really cool physics concepts, including some like the Coanda effect and Bernoulli's principle which i have never heard of before. Next time, you may want to be more specific with your categories, but you did a good job!
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